THE COMMUNICATIONAL ROLE OF WOMEN IN ANATOLIA, THEIR POSITION IN SOCIETY AND THE IMAGE OF THE MODERN TURKISH WOMAN IN THE CONTEXT OF REPUBLICAN PERIOD PAINTING ART

Abstract

In European societies and the modern world, women actively participate in various aspects of life. During the Ottoman Empire period, women's presence and rights in social life were limited within the framework of Sharia Law and feudal lifestyle, shaped by traditions, customs, and religious practices. With the proclamation of the Republic, the society that entered the modernization process also transformed women's communicative role in human life and their position in society according to the requirements of modern life.

In this context, the traditional roles of women during the Ottoman period can be evaluated as follows: the role of urban women in society could not go beyond being the cornerstone of communication within the family, while in rural areas, women led a lifestyle and social position confined to feudal customs, based on cooperation and solidarity. With the proclamation of the Republic, Turkish women's communicative power, which began to exist in societal life, played an effective role in shaping and developing modern society.

Images in Republican Period paintings depict the changes in the social positions of urban and rural women. In this context, the artworks reflect the position of women in the modernizing society and document how the identity of the modern Turkish woman has transformed.

In this study, the images of women in urban and rural life by Republican Period painters will be examined, and the gains of the Republic regime for Turkish women will be interpreted through these paintings, drawing conclusions about the identity and position of women in social life.